课程概况
本课程特色在于:
第一,坚持通过“结构—功能—文化”三位一体的语言学习原则,以常用汉语语法项目为明线,对其进行纵向梳理和横向比较,集中呈现同一语法项目在不同教学层级出现的各种形式。
The course will adhere to the three-in-one “form – function – culture” principle of language learning, primarily focusing on common grammatical elements. After organization and comparison of these grammatical elements, we will collect and present the various forms in which a single element can appear on differing educational levels.
第二,以中国社会、文化题材为暗线,将语法项目的使用和学习融入典型真实的文化语境,丰富教学内容的文化含量,激发学习者的兴趣。
The secondary focus of the course will be Chinese society and culture. We will place the grammatical elements to be studied in a representative, realistic cultural and linguistic context, thereby enriching the cultural content of the educational materials and stimulating students’ interest.
第三,最大限度满足学习者多样化的学习需求。学习者可以根据自身语言水平选择学习内容,按需检索,具有充分的选择空间。
The course will satisfy the various needs of different students to the greatest extent possible. Students will be able to select educational materials based on their own language ability and retrieve them on demand, leaving much room for choice.
课程大纲
第一讲
你去过后海吗?
Have you been to Houhai?
第一讲 自测题
第二讲
我还想过开一个串儿店呢!
I’ve thought about opening a kebab restaurant myself!
第二讲 自测题
第三讲
“过”和“了”有什么不一样呢?
What’s the difference between “过guo” and “了le”?
第三讲 自测题 Test 3
第四讲
门开着 The door is open.
第四讲 自测题 Test 4
第五讲
门上贴着大红“囍”字儿
There is a big red double-happiness character pasted on the door.
第五讲 自测题 Test 5
第六讲
喝着啤酒看世界杯
Watching World Cup while drinking beer.
第六讲 自测题 Test 6
第七讲
新郎喝着喝着就醉了
The groom was drinking and drinking until he got drunk.
第七讲 自测题 Test 7
第八讲
老师把茶几放在沙发的前边了
The teacher put the tea table in front of the sofa.
第八讲 自测题 Test 8
第九讲
老师把房间打扫得很干净
The teacher swept the room clean.
第九讲 自测题 Test 9
第十讲
奶奶把盐当成了糖
The grandmother mistook the salt for sugar.
第十讲 自测题 Test 10
第十一讲
中国人常常把食物和祝福联系在一起
Chinese people often link their food and what they wish for together.
第十一讲 自测题 Test 11
第十二讲
“被”先生练功夫,被打伤了!
Mr. Bei was hurt while practicing Kung Fu.
第十二讲 自测题 Test 12
第十三讲
他被称为“流行音乐之王”
He is called the “The King of Pop”.
第十三讲 自测题 Test 13
第十四讲
《哈利波特》被翻译成很多种语言
Harry Potter has been translated into multiple languages.
第十四讲 自测题 Test 14
第十五讲
“被”先生访谈录
An Interview with Mr. Bei
第十五讲 自测题 Test 15
第十六讲
青岛人说青岛话,你听得懂吗?
People in Qingdao speak Qingdao dialect. Can you understand them?
(结果补语转化成的可能补语Complement of Result → Complement of Possibility)
第十六讲 自测题 Test 16
第十七讲
泰山,你爬得上去吗?
Mount Tai, can you climb up?
(趋向动词转化成的可能补语
Directional Verb → Complement of Possibility
趋向补语转化成的可能补语
Complement of Direction → Complement of Possibility
趋向补语的引申义
Extended Meaning of Complement of Direction
第十七讲 自测题 Test 17
第十八讲
那儿的啤酒最新鲜,喝一次就忘不了!
The beer there is the freshest, and you will never forget the taste after drinking it.
(动词“了”做可能补语
Verb “了liǎo” as Complement of Possibility)
第十八讲 自测题 Test 18
第十九讲
买火车票可等不得!
Buying train tickets in a hurry
(动词“得”做可能补语
Verb “得dé” as Complement of Possibility)
第十九讲 自测题 Test 19
第二十讲
可能补语的特点 Features of “Complement of Possibility”
(1. 为什么不说“我不能听懂青岛话”?
2.“打扫得干净”和“打扫得很干净”有什么不一样?
区分可能补语和程度补语Distinguish Complement of Possibility and Complement of Degree)
第二十讲 自测题 Test 20
第二十一讲
可能补语综合练习
Distinguish Complement of Possibility and Complement of Degree
(《憨豆先生的可爱假期》)
Comprehensive exercise of Complement of Possibility
(“Mr. Bean’s Holiday”)
第二十一讲 自测题 Test 21
预备知识
汉语学习300学时以上的学习者
参考资料
《实用现代汉语语法》(刘月华编著,商务印书馆)